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Resumen: 1. External knowledge: The User's View 2. Internal knowledge: the Translator's View 3. The Process of Translation 4. Drawing on Experience: How Being a Translator is More Than Just Being Good at Languages 5. Starting with People: Social Interaction as the First Key Focus of Translators' Experience of the World. 6. Working with People: The Workplace as the Interactive Setting for Specialized Terminologies 7. Translation as an Operation Performed In and On Languages 8. Working and Understanding Through Social Networks 9. The Impact on Translation of Culture(s) 10. When Habit Fails.

Resumen: Au cours des dernières années, l'externalisation ouverte (« crowdsourcing ») est un phénomène qui s'est de plus en plus répandu dans le secteur de la traduction. La FIT, en tant que voix des traducteurs, interprètes et terminologues autour du monde, voudrait en conséquence apporter quelques informations sur ce sujet et attirer l'attention sur diverses conséquences pour les utilisateurs de services de traduction de même que pour les traducteurs professionnels et leurs associations.

Resumen: The dubbing versus subtitling debate has been a recurrent topic in the audiovisual translation literature, but empirical research into the reception of both modes is still lacking. This article presents the results of an experiment that aimed to investigate to what extent comprehension, memory, and enjoyment of a film differ in a dubbed and a subtitled version in a country that traditionally uses dubbing, like Spain. Fifty-one young Spanish adults participated in the study, which measured general comprehension, dialogue recognition, face-name association and visual scene recognition, as well as evaluative measures including film appreciation, self-reported effort related to film viewing, and metacognitive judgments of memory.

Resumen: Slogans play an important role in conveying information to targeted audiences, and the translation of slogans tends to be studied under the rubric of public-notice translation. Previous research mainly uses researchers' expertise to evaluate the quality of this type of translation. Yet, little is known about what the targeted readers think about the translation, although their opinions present key information that helps to determine whether the translation has achieved the intended effect. This paper elicits and systematically analyzes readers' responses. We investigate the case of Macao, a rapidly growing economy where the demand for English translation has markedly increased in recent decades. Public administration bodies in Macao have commissioned Chinese-to-English translation in varied areas such as tourism, social security and welfare, cultural and sports events. We sampled ten translated slogans that were used in the public sector, and administered survey questionnaires (n=130) to both source-text and target-text readers. The two groups of readers' evaluations, based on the criteria of fluency, conciseness, persuasiveness and mnemonic effect, reveal that the translations are perceived significantly less favorably than the originals are. Readers most strongly disliked word-for-word translations, and pointed out numerous problems with the translations such as ungrammaticality, inappropriate word use, lack of appeal, and unintelligibility due to insufficient background knowledge. This research demonstrates the tangible value of using readers' responses to evaluate translation quality. It also has implications for translator training, and recommends that public authorities should institute a rigorous quality assurance system.

Resumen: In recent years, crowdsourcing has been an increasingly widespread phenomenon in the translation sector. FIT, as the voice of associations of translators, interpreters and terminologists around the world, would therefore like to provide some information on this subject and draw attention to diverse consequences for the users of translation services as well as professional translators and their associations.

Resumen: Diálogo con Chris Durban: miembro del Institute of Translators and Interpreters. Es una de las máximas especialistas mundiales en la educación del cliente de servicios de traducción. En su estudio en París mantuvo una conversación en exclusiva con el CTPCBA.