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Resumen: Drawing on cognitive linguistics and psychology, this paper attempts to model the subtitler's decision-making as involving two types of operations. They are referred to as System 1 and System 2, the former being fast, automatic and requiring little effort, and the latter being slower, controlled and effortful. To test the dual-processing hypothesis, I analyse trainee subtitlers' renditions with a focus on the construction "you + to like + me" which exemplifies a cross-language asymmetry and a potential (disguised) translation challenge. Remarkably, the English construction is employed equally-conventionally to represent the concept of being favourably disposed to somebody in a non-physical/sexual manner, on the one hand, and being attracted to somebody, on the other. In Polish, however, the "prototypes" will typically be represented as distinct expressions. The present findings suggest that because differentiating between the prototypes and coding them linguistically is not challenging to the participants, it is the automation of their judgment that leads them to settle for flawed target variants (Stage 1). Additional evidence is obtained (Stage 2) as participants are induced to go from System 1 to System 2 thinking-a cross-stage comparison indicates that the fast-to-slow switch reorients the trainees' subtitling choices and ultimately improves translation quality.

Resumen: A lo largo de más de veinte años de trabajo como intérprete de conferencias y diez como capacitadora de intérpretes, he podido comprobar que la traducción a primera vista agiliza los procesos cognitivos que se ponen en marcha tanto en la interpretación simultánea como en la consecutiva. Además, he constatado que cuando se introduce a los traductores en esta técnica, llegan rápidamente a considerarla una herramienta indispensable y la incorporan como un hábito para aumentar su rendimiento. Su práctica constante permite resolver estructuras gramaticales que presentan dificultades en la combinación lingüística de la que se trate, lo que desencadena una especie de efecto dominó que facilita la resolución de otras estructuras gramaticales igual de complejas que las primeras o más. Esto se debe a que en la traducción a primera vista intervienen un sinnúmero de procesos, tales como el pensamiento analítico, el pensamiento rápido, la memoria, las habilidades asociativas, la producción del habla y otras

Resumen: Tolerance for ambiguity (TA) is a cognitive factor that influences the perception of uncertainty and that, when not sufficiently present, may adversely affect problem solving and decision making, both key processes in translation. This being so, it has even been stated that TA is a personality trait which must be taken into account as far as translator training and recruitment are concerned (Tirkkonen-Condit 2000). After reviewing the main research conducted so far on TA from the disciplines of psychology and translation, the results of an exploratory field study based on descriptive methodology and self-report measures are shown. The Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale (Arquero and McLain 2010) or MSTAT-II is the main psychometric instrument applied to all participants (n=107). On the one hand, a positive correlation was found between tolerance of ambiguity and individuals' own assessment of their self-efficacy when searching the Internet for documentation. On the other hand, those subjects who thought that they did not meet the requirements for becoming professional translators in the future obtained low scores in TA, and a significant difference in TA was found between them and those who believed to meet such requirements. The results of this preliminary work suggest that TA is relevant to the study of the cognitive processes of translators and that psychometric instruments of proven reliability and validity can be useful for process-oriented translation research.

Resumen: Think-aloud protocols (TAPs) have often been used to study the cognitive aspect of translation. This paper shows their usefulness for investigating the linguistic aspect of translation. Examples are drawn from material collected in 40 think-aloud sessions over several years. The participants were professional translators or trainee translators. The language pairs involved are French-German and French-Swedish. The translational linguistic problems discussed fall into the following categories: a) grammatical (the interpretation of French participial clauses), b) textual (the use of connectors), c) functional (different realizations of one and the same linguistic function in French on the one hand, and in German and Swedish on the other), and d) sociolinguistic (the rendering of the formal vous into Swedish by the more formal ni or the less formal du)

Resumen: La primera edición de este congreso se realizó en Mendoza el 1.o y 2 de septiembre de 2017 bajo el lema "Nuevos paradigmas, nuevos horizontes". Fue organizado por la Universidad del Aconcagua y el Colegio de Traductores Públicos de la Provincia de Mendoza, y contó con el patrocinio de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, el Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional, y el Laboratorio de Psicología Experimental y Neurociencias de la Fundación INECO. Allí asistieron alrededor de doscientos participantes y múltiples expositores que brindaron un total de cuarenta y siete ponencias. Acompañaron el desarrollo del congreso la Librería del Colegio de Traductores Públicos de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, la editorial Comunicarte y el Centro Internacional del Libro.

Resumen: Los procesos cognitivos, que suceden en la cabeza de una persona -intérprete o mediador- cuando intenta percibir el querer decir del otro y transmitir la información, las emociones y la intención de este último, plantean el interrogante de cómo y dónde iniciar la formación de un estudiante de interpretación, porque para comprender de que se trata la actividad interpretativa es necesario observar los procesos cognitivos involucrados en la comunicación. Cuando un intérprete comprende el discurso, los mensajes hablados no se copian en su mente, sino que la mente humana construye en forma activa diversos tipos de representaciones cognitivas que interpretan el input lingüístico. Estas representaciones cognitivas pueden incluir palabras, sintaxis, semántica oracional, actos de habla, patrones de diálogo, estructuras retóricas, pragmática, mundos reales e imaginarios, etc. Cada tipo de representación cognitiva es funcionalmente importante durante los procesos de la comprensión y de la producción del habla.

Resumen: This paper presents a study of the redesign of metacognitive questionnaires carried out along a two-part German-Spanish translation course. The study focuses on post-translation questionnaires used by trainees to self-evaluate their translating, as a function of their strategic subcompetence. Post-translation questionnaires were redesigned ongoingly, as needed, in order to improve their effectiveness in meeting the trainees' evolving needs. This redesign was based on the students' feedback combined with the teacher's perceptions, and led to three types of changes. Firstly, questions not optimally meeting the intended target were modified. As the mental action involved in these questions was not specific enough to prevent off-target answers, each was reworded accordingly and occasionally given an interpersonal dimension favouring intermental reflection. Secondly, certain questions were newly designed, so that they included such interpersonal dimension from the very beginning. These also presented the students with open tasks promoting learner autonomy and asked them to justify their answers, thereby enhancing their translational reflection. Thirdly, a group of questions were suppressed from one part of the course to the other, as the mental action involved in each no longer matched the trainees' increased procedural knowledge.

Resumen: SUMARIO: 1.Introducción, 2. Las emociones, 3. Las emociones en la narrativa - Las emociones narrativas, 4. La formación estética, 5. El empleo estético de la literatura, 6. Conclusiones. Bibliografía.

Resumen: Este trabajo describe algunos de los principales puntos de contacto entre el estudio de la traducción y ciertas disciplinas pertenecientes al ámbito de la denominada 'ciencia cognitiva', con el objetivo de mostrar algunos de los posibles beneficios que dichas disciplinas pueden aportar al ámbito traductológico. Intentaremos argumentar que un acercamiento de tipo cognitivo puede contribuir a poner fin a los estériles debates y modos tradicionales de categorización que han contribuido al estancamiento de los estudios de traducción y ayudar a elaborar un modelo general que lleve a cabo un estudio de la traducción en su globalidad y no sólo de ciertas formas de ésta.

Resumen: The propensity of the English language to absorb native nuances by the African writers should be seen as a worthwhile stylistic device, despite the position of English language. Its adaptability to natural flavours should therefore be aimed at the writers' intention to reach a wider audience. This also means that the attempt by writers to decolorize through literature the polluted African culture god through the use of appropriate notions and local nuances. The technique has, however, been to put on record traditional ways of life, the peoples' customs, communal activities such as festivals, ceremonies, rituals, myths, folktales, proverbs, music, dance, songs, etc. in order to remind the African reader about the importance of these crucial aspects of the tradition in addition to the appropriation of language use. Hence most African writings can be said to have their foundations in the cultural heritage of their various groups. through the use of what one may call technically implanted African English, African coinages, direct translation, proverbs, local idioms transfers of mother tongues, local insertions/ect. Hence it is not enough to use the sociological and residual approaches to literature. The formalist and pragmatic approaches should also be considered paramount in the writing of African literature. For the choice of diction, narrative technique and the entire pragma-aesthetic implications of the African man's speech is important to the reader of African literature, if he is to understand the theme.