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Resumen: Las palabras nos ayudan a aprender y adquirir conceptos. Sin embargo, es nuestra necesidad de expresar ideas y emociones la que impulsa a la mente a reutilizar o crear términos que podemos dotar de nuevos significados o, incluso, usar de manera metafórica según lo precisemos. ¿Cómo generamos estos conceptos?

Resumen: Based on an empirical study of categorisation and lexicalisation processes in a corpus of scientific publications on the life sciences, Rita Temmerman questions the validity of traditional terminology theory. Her findings are that the traditional approach impedes a pragmatic and realistic description of a large number of categories and terms. Inspired by the cognitive sciences, she develops an alternative. The main principles of this new theory imply: a combined semasiological and onomasiological perspective; only few categories can be clearly delineated; form and content of definitions vary according to category types and user's requirements; synonymy and polysemy are functional in special language and a diachronic approach is unavoidable. This last principle implies the varying importance of historical information in definitions, the non-arbitrariness of lexicalisation and the importance of cognitive models. In a last chapter the author shows how the methods and principles of the alternative approach are applicable in terminography and how this is going to have an impact on software for terminological database construction. This book will be valuable for specialists in terminology theory, practising terminographers and for anybody interested in special language, cognitive models and prototype theory.

Resumen: The current economic and financial crisis apart from impoverishing many countries has paradoxically enriched language by coining a multitude of new terms to explain and define the new situation. However, due to different cognitive, terminological and socio-pragmatic constraints, many of these financial neonyms, originally created in English, have been poorly transferred into Spanish or left untranslated thus losing most of their original distinctive and explanatory purpose. Many Spanish financial experts tend to use the English forms or render literal and often meaningless translations. This paper explores the structure of financial crisis neonyms in the light of their terminological composition and professional and social practice and focusses on the problems created by their translation into Spanish mainly as a result of cognitive-inferential, semantic-terminological and pragmatic-communicative mismatches.

Resumen: No matter how short or long, any questionnaire developed in one part of the world to be used in another part may carry linguistic, cultural, and conceptual features that present challenges when translated into another language.