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Resumen: The emerging language industry is sorely in need of "best practices"- standards of excellence for crossing language barriers in an increasingly wired world. This book aims to help fill that gap, answering the key questions in global communication today: how do we speak our customers language around the world?, how do we cut translation time and cost?, how do we stay on top of language technology?. This book content five sections: -cross-cultural adaptation; -language management; -localizing the product; -language tools and techniques; -language automation.

Resumen: "En los capítulos que conforman el presente volumen pretendemos aportar una perspectiva general sobre el software libre en el ámbito de la traducción, tanto desde el plano profesional como desde el formativo. Para ello, hemos querido presentar recursos e instrumentos libres, así como experiencias y propuestas prácticas para ambas dimensiones. Además, hemos intentado contribuir a sacar a la luz el trabajo ingente de la comunidad de traductores voluntarios de los proyectos libres, con el objetivo (indisimulado) de atraer la atención de la comunidad académica del ámbito de la traducción".

Resumen: Editor's Notes: Translators may be surprised to learn that the idea of using machines to facilitate the translation task has been around for a very long time. Already more than half a century ago inventors were at work on machines that would effect the transfer from one language to another.l In as early as 1933 a patent was granted in France to Georges Artsruni for his "mechanical brain" that could replace words or combinations of words with equivalents retrieved from a target dic~ tionary. Also, in that same year, P.P. Trojanskij, working in the USSR, proposed a complete translation process that would be largely automatic. Words were to be entered in a source dictionary together with "logical analysis marks" and then paired with their equivalents in a target dictionary, which also had their associated marks. An input text, matched word for word against the source dictionary, would undergo analysis and, based on the information from the analysis marks, be converted into logical formo An automated lookup would then retrieve, for the elements in logical form, tl¡eir corresponding equivalents in the target dictionary, and the grammatical forms would be generated automatically, based on the marks assigned to each entry. T rojanskij envisioned that human beings would be needed at the front end, to supply the words and the logical marks for the dictionary, and at the output end, to modify the text so that it would have the characteris~ tics of natural language. Trojanskij's model is in fact a clear and accurate description of machine translation (MT) as we know it today. The process was not to become a reality, however, until computer science itself caught up with his vision.

Resumen: This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and market potential. The book begins by discussing problems that must be solved during the development of a machine translation system and offering a brief overview of the evolution of the field. It then takes up the history of machine translation in more detail, describing its pre-digital beginnings, rule-based approaches, the 1966 ALPAC (Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee) report and its consequences, the advent of parallel corpora, the example-based paradigm, the statistical paradigm, the segment-based approach, the introduction of more linguistic knowledge into the systems, and the latest approaches based on deep learning. Finally, it considers evaluation challenges and the commercial status of the field, including activities by such major players as Google and Systran.

Resumen: Language Engineering and Translation places the activity of technical translation into the modern environment of information technology. The advent of automated alternatives to human translation has fundamentally affected the professioon, its products and the relationship between translator and their clients. This book presents and discusses the translation porcess against this background. The contex in which translation is normally studies is widenend in order to re-examine this process as part of interlingual text production and to analyse the manner in which new tools affect the production of translations.