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Resumen: German-language approaches to translation have been revolutionized by the theory of action (Handlungstheorie) and the related theory of translation's goal or purpose (Skopostheorie). Both these approaches are functionalist: they seek to liberate translators from servitude to the source text, seeing translation as a new communicative act that must be purposeful with respect to the translator's client and readership. As one of the leading figures in this field, Christiane Nord gives the first full survey of functionalist approaches in English. She explains the complexities of the theories and their terms, using simple language with numerous examples. The book includes an overview of how the theories developed, illustrations of the main ideas, and specific applications to translator training, literary translation, interpreting and ethics. The survey concludes with a concise review of the criticisms that have been made of the theories, together with perspectives for the future development of functionalist approaches.

Resumen: Capítulo 1: Introducción, Capítulo 2: Biblia, Capítulo 3: Los griegos y los romanos, Capítulo 4: La España medieval, Capítulo 5: Siglo XVI, Capítulo 6: Latinoamérica, Capítulo 7: Siglo XVII, Capítulo 8: Siglo XVIII, Capítulo 9: Siglo XIX, Capítulo 10: Siglo XX, Capítulo 11: El empleo de traductores e intérpretes, Capítulo 12: La interpretación, Capítulo 13: La profesión, Bibliografía, Glosario, Índice.

Resumen: The Interpretive Theory of Translation has been produced by the Paris School (i.e. researchers of the Ecole Supérieure d'Interprètes et de Traducteurs -ESIT- at Université Paris III- Sorbonne Nouvelle). I shall give there only a brief outline of that theory. For closer scrutiny, interested readers will kindly refer to the list of relevant literature appended. Translating will be accepted by everyone as meaning understanding a text and rewording that understanding in a different language. Theoretically, translating requires a fautless command of the source and target languages, a deep insight into the subject matter dealt with in the text and a correct methodology to carry out the translating process.

Resumen: In this book Umberto Eco argues that translation is not about comparing two languages, but about the interpretation of a text in two different languages, thus involving a shift between cultures. An author whose works have appeared in many languages, Eco is also the translator of Gérard de Nerval's Sylvie and Raymond Queneau's Exercices de style from French into Italian. In Experiences in Translation he draws on his substantial practical experience to identify and discuss some central problems of translation. As he convincingly demonstrates, a translation can express an evident deep sense of a text even when violating both lexical and referential faithfulness. Depicting translation as a semiotic task, he uses a wide range of source materials as illustration: the translations of his own and other novels, translations of the dialogue of American films into Italian, and various versions of the Bible. In the second part of his study he deals with translation theories proposed by Jakobson, Steiner, Peirce, and others. Overall, Eco identifies the different types of interpretive acts that count as translation. An enticing new typology emerges, based on his insistence on a common-sense approach and the necessity of taking a critical stance.

Resumen: El V Congreso de la Asociación Ibérica de Estudios de Traducción e Interpretación abordó los ámbitos de la metodología, la teoría, la historia y la didáctica de la traducción que se pueden considerar transversales en esta disciplina y que quedan recogidos en el presente volumen. Los artículos buscan promover la reflexión sobre aquellas cuestiones más o menos presentes en las distintas ramificaciones temáticas de la traducción y la interpretación, sin estar circunscritas a una sola área de especialidad.