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Resumen: This paper investigates strategies for the translation of irony in English editorials and feature articles into Arabic. It explores an area that has not been adequately tackled in a linguistic framework either on the individual language analysis level or the translation level.The plan to achieve this consists of five steps: (1) describing lexical, grammatical and rhetorical devices of irony from Arabic and English editorials and feature articles, written in Australia on identical political topics and at the same period; (2) describing the linguistic exponents of the rhetorical devices of irony in English and Arabic; (3) explaining the relation between ironic devices and coherence and text structure; (4) conducting a contrastive analysis based on the findings; and (5) using the findings to suggest strategies for the translation of irony. Several linguistic disciplines and sub-disciplines are invoked for the explanation of the concept of irony, namely, stylistics, discourse, sociolinguistics, behavioural linguistics and psycholinguistics, considering that irony pertains to a 'discourse semantic' field (Van Dijk 1977).

Resumen: "El objetivo de este artículo es detenernos en algunos ejemplos para explicar por qué se tradujeron de una manera y se descartaron las otras muchas posibles. La elección estuvo condicionada desde el principio por el tipo en que la obra se enmarca y, en consecuencia, por el tipo de público al que se dirige: personas que desconocen por completo la lengua original y para las cuales la traducción representa la única forma de acceso a la literatura".

Resumen: The paper examines sound schemes in Arabic original poetic prose and English translation. These are reverse rhyme, rhyme, pararhyme and consonance. Looked at from the vantage point of sound symbolism, an attempt is made to verify their expressive and thematic functions in ST. In some cases, the concept has apparently been proven applicable and the claims made in this regard are plausible. As to the interlingual patterns of sound symbolism, the study has come to the conclusion that ST and TT diverge when it comes to how onomatopoeic elements evoke meaning. The strategic decisions taken by translators in addressing translation problems depend largely on how sensitive they are towards the ST phonic aspect and affiliations. They employ compensation in kind and in place whenever and wherever that is felt to be required, hence, replacing ST phonological recurrence with morphological and lexical ones. These higher-level devices are but one means of achieving parallel effects in the TT. However, consonance is regularly used as a prime solution for the problem of equivalence. It is axiomatic that in any attempt of translation a certain degree of loss is expected in terms of failure to relay the ST message content intact. Another kind of damage consists in the impossibility of rendering ST scripts into TT. The significance of Arabic letters to the readers of Arabic will definitely be mismatched in the TT as they imply culturally broader connotations and allusions to the Islamic heritage. The graphological input to the message in the Arabic text will hardly be imparted by the TT Roman script.

Resumen: This paper is an attempt to investigate the current problems the students graduating in English at the ISLT are likely to encounter when setting out to render English into Arabic. My teaching experience with them was beneficial, albeit quite short (one year-long only, 2000-2001). The material gathered, on the other hand, was wide-ranging and, better still, so provocative that I readily agreed to venture onto dangerous ground.[2] Studies in the past have often failed to delve deep into possible meanings and extend beyond traditional boundaries so as to assess the scope of words and explore the meaning potentials. Recent advances in the literature argue that translators should be sensitive to the losses and gains of cultural elements and assess the “weight” of these elements in the source text in order to bring about the same/similar effects. It is true that loss of meaning is inevitable and the transference to the translator’s language can only be approximate (Newmark 1988, 7). The current trend in translation theory is to explore situations to make it possible to transcend linguistic as well as cultural barriers. Translators will continue to reproduce only restricted facets of meaning so long as they do not vanquish ordinary processes of thought and approach the words in the SL text as units of discourse. I make no pretence at being able to offer definitive solutions. This account aims at identifying the potentially problematic areas in translating English into Arabic. The sense of new in this experience embodies a larger vision, apparently a different quality of recognition since the focal interest is laid on the interpretive weight of words as constituent parts of the act of communication.

Resumen: La atención a la tarea de la traducción entre las lenguas árabe y castellana no ha provocado un ejercicio de reflexión metodológica hasta fechas relativamente recientes. Si bien se viene traduciendo del árabe al español desde la Edad Media, el análisis de estas traducciones de forma sistemática no comenzó a producirse hasta finales del siglo XX, aunque se pueden encontrar casi desde el comienzo de esta actividad algunas observaciones por parte de los traductores, pero de forma asistemática y sin incidencia real en la elaboración de las traducciones de otras personas. El estudio de las traducciones del español al árabe ha recibido una atención todavía menor, pues las traducciones del español al árabe han generado hasta el momento una actividad inferior cuantitativamente, además de ser mucho más recientes en el tiempo. En este sentido resulta evidente la escasa repercusión de la literatura española actual en el mercado árabe, en el que sólo las obras de la literatura española clásica han recibido atención. Este artículo pretende analizar los recursos que pueden permitirnos sacar conclusiones válidas para este asunto.

Resumen: Songs of all types as a distinct artistic genre can be very informative means of understanding the cultural and social construct of a given society. Like poetry, especially the oral form, which heavily relies on colloquialism, as is the case within a Jordanian context, songs can bear cultural, and historical allusions, genealogy, and mythology, in some cultures to be performed on related contemporary occasions. The present study is an attempt to analyze the social, cultural and historic allusions, linguistically interwoven in national and patriotic songs to reflect a massive feeling as the content of an artistic aspect of the ordinary people's everyday life. Due to cultural and social distinctiveness, as mainly expressed in colloquial Arabic expressions, such type of songs can create gaps hard to bridge in translation. Therefore, the study tries to shed light into those problems posed in translating national songs, which are richly loaded with colloquial expressions, to a target audience.

Resumen: Les anciens ouvrages de médicine arabe on été écrits dans une langue savante qu'il est convenu d' appeler l'arabe <littéral>. La structure de cette langue n'ayant pas évolué depuis le Moyen Âge, que ce soit du point de vue de la morphologie ou de celui de la syntaxe, la traduction de ces ouvrages dans une langue européene moderne ne devrait pas, en principe, soulever de grosses difficultés pour quiconque connaît cette langue ancienne, étonnamment conservatrice.

Resumen: One of the prominent features of the fawa?il, i.e., recurrent clauses that occupy the final position of the Qur'anic verse, is that they begin with the particle waw, which is usually identified as waw l-isti'naf. In Arabic, this starts a new sentence that is semantically and grammatically independent from the previous sentence. Thus, according to this explanation, there is no logical connection between the fawa?il and what precedes it, a fact that may harm the meaning of specific parts of the sura. Because the Arabic sources, such as grammar books, Qur'anic exegeses and morpho-syntactic books analyzing the Qur'anic text (kutub l-'i'rab), do not much contribute to the understanding of the connection between the sentences, the approach adopted refers to different translations of the Qur'an in five languages: Hebrew, English, German, Russian and French. These translations typically refute the lack of connectedness between the sentences because they do identify a semantic relation between the sentences, or a type of dependency between the sentences, a relation that is well-expressed in their translations. This article presents the various translations of this particular particle that indicate the different cohesive ties between the fawa?il and what precedes them. It is noteworthy that in some cases there is a uniform translation of waw l-isti'naf, while in other cases various translations are to be found, which leads to different meanings of the same sentence. The article thus deals with the question of cohesive ties within the Qur'an on one hand, and, on the other, examines the differences and variations that exist in the Qur'anic translations.

Resumen: This study addresses a unique translation problem which translators from English into Arabic need to consider when inflecting the introductory verbs for the gender of in-text cited authors in scholary books which use a style sheet that does not spell out the first name of authors in the list of references. Suppose a translator comes across the following sentence: 'Sander (1972) pointed out...', and that the reference list of the book provides E as the initial letter of the first name of Sander. Do we expect this sentence to be rendered into Arabic, a gender-specific language, as ashaara and and ashaarat show masculine and feminile inflection, respectively. As is clear, the readily available bibliographical information about Sander's first name does not tell the translator whether this author is a male, e.g., Erick Sander or a female, e.g., Emma Sander.

Resumen: This article throws some light on the problems syntactically-complex sentences posit to Arab translation students. Despite its importance, this problem has been almost ingored by translation teachers, authors and researchers. To spell out the nature and volume of the problem, an empirical study was carried out on ten Arab students majoring in English language and translation.

Resumen: This study attempts to investigate the difficulties that translation trainees encounter when rendering idioms into Arabic. It also explores the strategies that the trainees utilize in their translation attempts. To carry out the investigation, the author designed a translation task that comprises 20 frequently used idioms, the selection process of which passed through four rigorous steps of frequency check tests.

Resumen: This paper proposes a model for translating Standard Arabic imperfect verbs into English based on their contextual references. It starts with a brief introduction to tense and aspect in English and Arabic. Then, it shows the study aim and technique. After that, it provides an analysis of the study results by discussing the various translations of Arabic imperfect verbs in the translations of two novels written by Naguib Mahfouz. The study compares the translations with the original texts to highlight the different English renderings of the Arabic imperfect verbs.