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Resumen: Le grand cycle romanesque de Honoré d’Urfé L’Astrée, oeuvre majeure du genre pastoral en France, a connu d’innombrables adaptations. Une version abrégée intitulée La Nouvelle Astrée, anonyme ou attribuée à l’abbé de Choisy, a été publiée à Paris en 1712, pour être traduite en russe dès 1789. Si La Nouvelle Astrée n’a pas su transmettre le message complexe de son prestigieux modèle, miroir des aspirations de la noblesse, est-ce que la version russe de ce petit roman a pu en saisir le noyau et comment, à l’appui de quels choix traductologiques ? Notre expérience de sa première traduction en tchèque (parue en 2017) par la méthode de lecture herméneutique et une comparaison systématique du texte russe en cyrillique avec l’original français nous a permis de confirmer l’hypothèse du choix d’une stratégie traductologique spécifique. Le recours aux simplifications, aux explications et aux omissions des expressions considérées comme gênantes semble répondre à l’intention d’adapter le texte à des buts éducatifs, afin de le rendre plus accessible au public plus francophile que francophone. Les altérités en ce qui a trait aux signifiants et aux signifiés se voient atténuer sinon effacer, ce qui entraîne, dans les domaines notamment du lexique de la stylistique, d’importantes modifications.

Resumen: Within translation studies, existing research on website translation and localization has tended to focus on technical, sociological, commercial and linguistic issues related to the websites of corporations or not-for-profit organizations. Less attention has been given to issues that arise when national, regional or local governments make their websites available in another language, either in whole or in part. To help address this gap, this article studies the Toronto.ca municipal website to discuss whether, how and why the City of Toronto offers translated information online. Drawing on data from the 2016 Canadian census and the city’s translation policy documents, this article compares the city’s linguistic profile with the kinds of information available on the city’s website in languages other than English. The final section uses De Schutter’s (De Schutter 2017) framework to study the City of Toronto’s translation policies from a translation justice perspective, arguing that the policies largely focus on instrumental interests, with limited emphasis on identity interests, as evidenced by the Toronto.ca translation data. Some possible future research directions are also discussed.

Resumen: “Planting and payoff” is a narrative technique in cinema where future plot events are foreshadowed by means of a verbal or visual hint that later acquires greater significance in hindsight. This article examines the use of this technique in British director Edgar Wright’s Cornetto trilogy (Shaun of the Dead, Hot Fuzz and The World’s End) in order to discover if these plants and payoffs are accessible to a Spanish speaking audience in the subtitled and dubbed DVD versions. Edgar Wright is known for his extensive use of verbal-visual foreshadowing and there are multiple Internet forums, film websites and vlogs by film students and fans that discuss the secrets waiting to be found by observant viewers. Using Chaume’s (2004a, 2012) list of signifying codes, this article attempts to isolate relevant frames of certain shots and, by breaking down the verbal and nonverbal information coded in each shot, it examines whether this foreshadowing is communicated in the subtitled and dubbed versions of these films. In doing so, it explores how information is shared between the different components of film language and the importance of taking into consideration the role of nonverbal codes in audiovisual translation.

Resumen: The study surveys the existing literature on strategies in simultaneous interpreting (understood here as transformations indicative of interpreting procedures that manifest in the product of interpreting). On the basis of the survey, a summary of eight strategies which are present in various research strands is compiled. I use a parallel bidirectional corpus of Ru-En simultaneous interpreting to extract a random sample of 360 fragments and investigate the presence of the eight strategies in the sample. The type of strategy is then correlated with three variables: direction of interpreting, position of the source fragment in the original text, and phraseological richness of the source fragment. The findings indicate that all the strategies, including an additional transformation category (incorrect interpretations), are present in the sample, although some of them are considerably less common than earlier literature purports. All three variables have significant association with the type of strategy, although in cases of directionality this holds only for saucissonnage and omission. A close analysis of three coding categories—omission, explicitation, and incorrect interpretations—suggests that interpreters in this corpus orient more towards a performative than informative function of their SI.

Resumen: En esta investigación entenderemos los medios de comunicación audiovisuales como una vía de gran alcance, capaces de llegar a casi cualquier rincón del planeta en cuestión de segundos. Gracias a esta ubicuidad, el poder social y cultural con el que cuentan es incontestable, y pueden contribuir en gran medida a desarrollar, difundir y fijar narrativas identitarias con facilidad. La traducción actúa en estos casos multiplicando el efecto expansivo de su eficacia al llevar tales discursos a otras sociedades en otros idiomas. Nos interesará profundizar en cómo se presentan las identidades interseccionales en los medios, sobre todo aquellas atravesadas por diferentes ejes de poder, que limitan su visibilidad y marginan a los sujetos. Adoptaremos una metodología interseccional a partir de conceptos del ámbito de los estudios culturales y, sobre esta estructura teórico-metodológica, abordaremos la intersección entre sexualidad y diversidad funcional en la serie Special de Netflix. Se tendrá en cuenta si las reescrituras al español en el doblaje y subtitulado se han basado en representaciones simplistas de la identidad, anquilosadas en estereotipos caducos, o si, por el contrario, se han empleado estrategias discursivas multifocales capaces de reflejar la complejidad de dichas identidades.

Resumen: The paradox that lies at the heart of the phenomenon of explicitation, taken as a broad category, is that explicitation on one level of analysis can correspond to implicitation on another. Some explicitations add or change linguistic elements to clarify the original text, others serve to reinforce the original speaker’s attitude; however, clarifying the text might in fact affect its global meaning, in particular when the text’s intention is precisely to remain obscure. In these cases, from a semantic or syntactic point of view, such translational shifts are explicitations, but on a deeper level of meaning, they can be considered implicitations, since they obscure the speaker’s stance, thus making the global meaning of the text more implicit. We thus advocate studying narratological explicitness from the angle of the more specific phenomenon of “reduction of complex narrative voices” (Chesterman 2010: 41).

Resumen: Anthony Burgess’s 1962 novella A Clockwork Orange is one of the most popular speculative works of fiction of all time, having been translated over fifty times into more than thirty different languages. Each translator of this work is faced with the challenge of adapting Burgess’s invented anti-language, Nadsat, into their target language. Some translations have managed this more successfully than others. The French translation, by Georges Belmont and Hortense Chabrier, L’Orange Mécanique (1962/1972) is considered particularly successful and remains the standard French translation nearly 50 years on. Previous studies have remarked on the creativity shown by these translators in reconstructing Nadsat in the target language. However, previous work has not closely analysed the consistency that Belmont and Chabrier brought to this task. In this paper, we use corpus linguistics methodologies to examine the construction of French-Nadsat, and compare it to the Nadsat presented in the source text. We identify six categories of French-Nadsat, all of which are in some way analogous with categories identified in English-Nadsat. We then employ corpus techniques which demonstrate the high level of consistency that Belmont and Chabrier used in their translation to ensure that the lexical distinctions present in English-Nadsat are largely preserved in the translation. This paper thus demonstrates the value of corpus methodologies in investigating the consistency of translations of creative texts where a third “language” (L3) is present, an approach that is largely lacking in previous work on the translation of this novel into other languages.

Resumen: Meta : journal des traducteurs / Meta: Translators’ Journal est une revue savante internationale qui publie des articles de recherche en traduction, en terminologie et en interprétation. La revue publie deux numéros réguliers et un numéro spécial par volume, à raison de dix à douze articles par numéro. Trois langues sont acceptées, soit le français, l’anglais et l’espagnol. Dans certains numéros spéciaux consacrés à des langues-cultures particulières, d’autres langues, telles que l’allemand et le turc, ont également déjà été acceptées. Meta s’adresse plus particulièrement aux chercheurs, mais aussi à tous ceux qui s’intéressent aux phénomènes langagiers mis en jeu dans la communication interculturelle.

Resumen: Although it has been acknowledged that public service interpreting helps reduce the language barriers faced by migrant populations, these barriers continue to be a significant cause of healthcare inequality. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, remote interpreting appears to be the most appropriate solution to address the health inequalities of migrant populations while intervening to reduce the risk of the virus spreading. The purpose of the research was to identify ways of providing a framework for the remote interpretation of public service encounters in the province of Quebec, Canada. A series of recommendations available in the literature were discussed with 27 key actors in the field during focus groups and individual conversations. A thematic analysis of participant discourse allowed us to confirm the extent to which existing recommendations were applicable, to clarify certain recommendations and to add seven new ones. The Guide to the planning and practice of remote public service interpreting (see appendices) consists of 10 recommendations on the planning and management of remote interpreting services and 25 recommendations on the actual encounter. Results show that remote interpreting does not refer solely to telecommunications technology, but also to a knowledge and skill set needed to supervise and coordinate the use of that technology in very specific practice contexts while minimizing the effect of the virtual presence and encouraging the distribution of information among key actors through clearly identified communication channels. The Guide addressed these many features.

Resumen: El proceso de consolidación de la traducción como actividad profesional ha conllevado la formulación de un importante número de códigos deontológicos. Estos textos constituyen un elemento clave en la elaboración del discurso compartido con el que la profesión en su conjunto se presenta ante la sociedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer cómo la reflexión colectiva de los traductores aborda las cuestiones de ética profesional y qué conclusiones se obtienen en relación con la actual situación de la profesión. Para ello, se analizan los códigos de las asociaciones de traductores y de profesionales afines con presencia en España. Se identifican aquellos elementos recogidos en los mismos que tienen un correlato en las principales corrientes de la ética. Se comparan estos códigos con los de profesionales más consolidados (médicos y abogados). Los resultados obtenidos proporcionan datos interesantes sobre la imagen que la sociedad tiene de la traducción, sus límites cada vez más difusos y su creciente dimensión económica. Este trabajo aporta una nueva perspectiva sobre el contenido y alcance de los códigos deontológicos estudiados dadas las propuestas teóricas y metodológicas en las que se basa y la exhaustividad con la que se analiza el área focalizada.

Resumen: Cette étude examine les différentes stratégies mises en oeuvre par les traducteurs pour rendre en français l’expressivité des interjections onomatopéiques coréennes. À la différence de l’onomatopée, une interjection est, en réaction à une situation vécue, pourvue d’un affect, d’une intention de communiquer (expressive ou injonctive). Entre manifestation émotionnelle et formulation implicite, leur ambiguïté sémantique ne permet pas d’en interpréter aisément la valeur situationnelle, telle qu’elle est communément interprétée dans la culture d’origine. À défaut d’interjections équivalentes en langue cible, les traducteurs des interjections coréennes ont donc alternativement recours soit à de simples translittérations, soit à des reformulations plus explicites non interjectives. Après avoir défini le cadre de notre étude, nous étudierons, par des exemples empruntés à la littérature coréenne, les différentes stratégies qui permettent de traduire et transmettre en français la valeur expressive et la charge émotive de ces éléments de langage dits « primaires ». Enfin, nous proposerons quelques solutions de rechange non interjectives ou somatiques pour rendre perceptible leur densité sémantique.