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Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar brevemente sobre algunas características generales del subtitulado para luego adentrarnos en el análisis de la traducción de los subtítulos de Elizabeth. De los muchos temas traductológicos que se plantean, analizaremos brevemente algunos rasgos del texto audiovisual, abordaremos aspectos estilísticos como el registro, el idiolecto y el grado de familiaridad entre los personajes, examinaremos algunos recursos retóricos presentes en la película, así como el léxico y el contexto en el que se produce el film y exploraremos los procedimientos de traducción más utilizados en esta película como el calco, el préstamo, la traducción literal y la modulación.

Resumen: Drawing on cognitive linguistics and psychology, this paper attempts to model the subtitler's decision-making as involving two types of operations. They are referred to as System 1 and System 2, the former being fast, automatic and requiring little effort, and the latter being slower, controlled and effortful. To test the dual-processing hypothesis, I analyse trainee subtitlers' renditions with a focus on the construction "you + to like + me" which exemplifies a cross-language asymmetry and a potential (disguised) translation challenge. Remarkably, the English construction is employed equally-conventionally to represent the concept of being favourably disposed to somebody in a non-physical/sexual manner, on the one hand, and being attracted to somebody, on the other. In Polish, however, the "prototypes" will typically be represented as distinct expressions. The present findings suggest that because differentiating between the prototypes and coding them linguistically is not challenging to the participants, it is the automation of their judgment that leads them to settle for flawed target variants (Stage 1). Additional evidence is obtained (Stage 2) as participants are induced to go from System 1 to System 2 thinking-a cross-stage comparison indicates that the fast-to-slow switch reorients the trainees' subtitling choices and ultimately improves translation quality.

Resumen: It is frequently said that humor does not travel well, and wordplay, which is inseparably connected to humor, poses particular problems for the translator as it is intrinsically linked to the source language and culture, and consequently is often described as untranslatable. The translator's task is further complicated when instances of wordplay are encountered in audiovisual texts due to the constrained and semiotic nature of the medium. The aim of this paper is to examine the translation strategies applied to wordplay in the English subtitles of the French film Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis [Boon 2008]. To do this, instances of wordplay in the source text and the target text were classified according to the typology of wordplay as proposed by Delabastita (1996), and subsequently analyzed using the General Theory of Verbal Humor (GTVH) (Attardo and Raskin 1991) in order to contrast the differences between source text and target text instances of wordplay. The findings show the trends in the application of translation strategies and demonstrate that GTVH, albeit with some modifications, is a useful analytical tool in the context of audiovisual translation in that it could show how the puns evolved in translation and therefore give a better understanding of wordplay to aid the choice of translation strategy. As long as a narrow view of equivalence is avoided, this study demonstrates that the translation of wordplay is possible even within the polysemiotic structures of audiovisual texts.

Resumen: Los espectadores de cine perciben la información en las películas mediante la imagen y el sonido. En el presente trabajo se analiza un aspecto concreto de este último sistema en la película de "Sense and Sensibility" dirigida por Ang Lee en 1995 con guión de Emma Thompson: la traducción de las estrategias de cortesía según el modelo pragmático de Browm y Levinson. Como paso previo se considera necesario no obstante resumir algunos problemas básicos de la "traducción subordinada" (Constrained translation) nomenclatura inglesa con la que se denomina principalmente a la traducción cinematopográfica en sus dos acepciones fundamentales, el subtitulado y el doblaje

Resumen: This paper is about the introduction and use of Multimodal Pragmatic Analysis (MPA) as a research methodology in audiovisual translation (AVT). Its aim is to show the contribution of the MPA to the analysis of film discourse in AVT with a focus on interlingual subtitling. For this purpose, the paper is divided into five sections which elaborate on the theoretical and practical aspects of the MPA methodology. Following the introduction, the second section defines the context of MPA as a new research methodology in AVT at the level of approach, design and procedure. The third section describes the theoretical base of this methodology, and the fourth examines its basic components and levels of analysis. The fifth section provides two practical examples to show how the MPA methodology operates in the analysis of speech acts appearing in the source text and the target text. Finally, the last section first discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the methodology and then concludes the paper with some suggestions for further research.

Resumen: "(...) efectuaremos un breve análisis de distintas escenas correspondientes a largometrajes extranjeros subtitulados o doblados al español, en el que describiremos el efecto de estos procedimientos de traducción [domesticación y extranjerización] sobre los nombres propios, los alimentos, el humor, los juegos de palabras, así como sobre elementos de carácter ideológico, como los estereotipos sexuales y las identidades nacionales".

Resumen: The transfer of offensive and taboo language in subtitling may position translators' choices in a challenging and controversial situation, given the effect that such terms can cause on the audience (Díaz Cintas 2001a). Nowadays, it seems that dealing with this type of language starts to gain more attention in academic circles, as it belongs to colloquial language within a low register, and as such we do speak in diverse manners depending on the context we are in. This paper delves into the way offensive and taboo language has been subtitled into European Spanish. In order to conduct this study, the subtitling of the DVD version of Quentin Tarantino's multilingual film Inglourious Basterds (2009) has been described and analyzed, resorting to a multi-strategy design (Robson 2011) which combines quantitative with qualitative data, under the umbrella of the descriptive translation studies paradigm. Accordingly, the main purpose of this analysis is to determine any regularities in the way in which offensive and taboo language has been dealt with in this particular case study, considering the technological restrictions of subtitling as well as the translational strategies employed. Thus, this study aims to shed some light on the way this type of language has been transferred on the screen.

Resumen: Voice-over as an audiovisual translation modality has traditionally been described for its rendering of the truth or its faithfulness. The manipulation and deviation from the original text through translation has already been the object of study in documentaries. This paper looks at the translation of TV news through voice-over. Technical and content infidelities are rendering the broadcast actualities into sexed up copies of the original, which for all intents and purposes are in sheer contravention of what translation is for as a faithful reproduction of the original and of objective and factual news reporting. The effects of the translator's visibility in news voice-over is re-examined and the physical presence of the translator/voice talent is analyzed. This paper argues that the visibility of the translator in this instance pushes the boundaries of mediation beyond mere technicalities towards a sociopolitical sphere of reasoning and rationality by editorial policy makers. The paper also argues that synchronicity of voice-overs stemming from the rhetorical features of the voice-over styles of delivery and the idiosyncrasies of the voices creates dissonance and renders the original message with a degree of infelicities that undermine the long-celebrated standards of objectivity and neutrality. Consequently, this paper underscores the invisibility of the translator in this mode of translation mediation.

Resumen: "(...) el traductor de guiones cinematográficos debe tener en cuenta dos cosas con respecto a la transposición cultural: primera, ver qué aspectos de la cultura están determinados por los canales de comunicación no verbal; y segunda, conseguir la comunicación con el espectador".

Resumen: La presente obra nace de una tesis doctoral que a su vez parte de tres objetivos: a) revisar determinados conceptos básicos de la traducción audiovisual, los estudios descriptivos y la interculturalidad así como ciertos postulados pragmáticos, con el fin de acercarnos al fenómeno humor y e su traducción y de elaborar una metodología de análisis adecuada, b) describir desde una perspectiva discursiva parte de los mecanismos que se muestran activos en la traducción del humor en textos audiovisuales y c) identificar un listado de tendencias traductoras que sirva como punto de partida para una futura constatación de posibles normas de traducción del humor en textos audiovisuales.

Resumen: "Cine independiente y traducción" es el ensayo, resultado de un proyecto de investigación centrado en el cine independiente (de autor) americano, abordado desde la óptica de su traducción al español en las modalidades más utilizadas de la traducción audiovisual; el doblaje y la subtitulación. La obra analiza la forma de traducir (el "Método de traducción") en cinco películas independientes americanas realizadas entre los años 2001 y 2003, como el resultado del proceso de la búsqueda de soluciones ante los problemas que su traducción plantea. El método de traducción observado puede variar dependiendo de la modalidad de traducción elegida, ya que se obtiene un producto que en ocasiones puede llegar a parecer diferente. Este libro esta dirigido a estudiantes, investigadores y a todos los lectores interesados en el cine independiente y su traducción.

Resumen: El autor analiza el impacto que la traducción de los guiones de cine y televisión elaborados en inglés está teniento en la norma hablada o escrita del español peninsular.