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Resumen: This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and market potential. The book begins by discussing problems that must be solved during the development of a machine translation system and offering a brief overview of the evolution of the field. It then takes up the history of machine translation in more detail, describing its pre-digital beginnings, rule-based approaches, the 1966 ALPAC (Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee) report and its consequences, the advent of parallel corpora, the example-based paradigm, the statistical paradigm, the segment-based approach, the introduction of more linguistic knowledge into the systems, and the latest approaches based on deep learning. Finally, it considers evaluation challenges and the commercial status of the field, including activities by such major players as Google and Systran.

Resumen: AThis article evaluates the existing software applications for the main audiovisual translation modalities in which the translation is meant to be reformulated orally (known as revoicing modalities), i.e., audio-description, voice-over and dubbing. The latter is the most interesting one, since the lack of applications for this particular modality is remarkable. Once the evaluation is completed, two automation options for dubbing are proposed. The first one is currently in the final process of implementation by the author. This document concludes with a glossary and a list of applications which are commercially available for the audiovisual translator.