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Resumen: This paper describes how mediation in translation is realized by means of inclusion and exclusion of information at the selection stage and discursive deviations at the presentation stage in the process of target text production. It discusses the effect of mediation in relation to two types of the target text recipients, one is termed professional readers representing the censoring authorities and the other the intended reading public, and their respective socio-cultural backgrounds. Our argument in this paper is that an investigation of translation from the perspective of mediation helps reveal the power struggle underlying the translation process. The detailed description of the textual realization of mediation, in particular, helps create an awareness of the various ways the target text producer may take to mediate the translation process to achieve a compromise between the author's interests and the professional readers' political concerns so as to get the translation published.

Resumen: Cultural referents not only designate specific realities of a given culture which do not always exist in another but they are also semantic elements which trigger social representations. By conveying values and points of view about different social groups, cultural referents become linguistic instruments to build stereotypes. These thought patterns are shared by the members of a social or cultural community and act as a filter of reality. The aim of this paper is to study the role of cultural referents in the construction of social stereotypes, focusing on the socio-cognitive universe they evoke. To this end, we have analyzed the translations techniques applied in the Spanish, Catalan and English versions of a novel which has been very successful on the French literary scene: Muriel Barbery's L'Élégance du hérisson (2006). As show the results of this textual comparison, the explanations, descriptions and additional information observed in target texts do not trigger the same associations as cultural referents do in the source text. Translational approaches are too limited when it comes to achieve linguistic adequacy to different world visions. Therefore, translation must be conceived as an encounter between two cultural systems, in which the translator must build bridges, not so much between two linguistic systems as between the social perceptions and values of two different cultural communities.

Resumen: En el proceso de la traslación del texto original al texto final, los cambios que sufren los elementos textuales son, no sólo inevitables, sino esenciales, al transferirlos a otra cultura. La relación de equivalencia entre el texto de partida y el texto de llegada abarcará todos los fenómenos culturales y no sólo los verbales. La traducción es pues algo mas complejo que en un proceso comunicativo, es además una transferencia cultural. En la recepción del texto original existen elementos sociales e individuales que condicionan su afecto en el traductor, y lo mismo ocurre en la recepción del texto traducido por parte del lector final.

Resumen: En cuanto a la cultura se refiere, es importante resaltar que el traductor tiene que intentar entender otras formas de vida, otras forman de pensar, etc., así como estar al día de los diferentes cambios culturales que puedan tener lugar tanto en la lengua de partida como en la lengua de llegada. De ahí que el traductor tenga que ser no solamente bilingüe y bicultural, sino que tiene que mantenerse al día de los cambios en las respectivas lenguas, tanto a nivel lingüístico como cultural.