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Resumen: En la traducción jurídica, el hallazgo de equivalencias léxicas es una de las aspiraciones que obsesiona al traductor. Cualquiera sea el género al que pertenezca el texto fuente, la búsqueda de equivalentes entre unidades terminológicas que designen conceptos idénticos o semejantes es una de las prioridades aprendidas y enseñadas como tales en el trabajo sobre el plano léxico del texto meta. Las estrategias traductoras de la explicación, la expansión o la explicitación, e incluso el uso de glosas en el cuerpo de la traducción o de notas al pie, son, a menudo, recursos más idóneos que la sustitución por equivalencia cultural o funcional en el trasvase de términos jurídicos. Cuando la equivalencia léxica es solo aparente, esas estrategias devienen imprescindibles para evitar traducciones incorrectas, incompletas o ambiguas.

Resumen: La traducción de textos jurídicos conlleva el desafío que presentan los múltiples significados de un término. Los traductores deberán encontrar la relación léxica "adecuada" entre significado y significante para cada caso y, así, no caer en las trampas del enguaje ni en los errores de la traducción literal.

Resumen: Un especialista en la lengua española llama la atención sobre la posibilidad de traducir erróneamente expresiones del lenguaje jurídico en inglés. El autor, Enrique Alcaraz Varó, falleció en marzo pasado y era uno de los mayores especialistas hispanos en la traducción de textos jurídicos de inglés a español (y viceversa) en España.

Resumen: The aim of this book is to provide an easy introduction to the understanding of Legal English. The book is in four parts. In the first and second parts, a theoretical background is provided where emphasis is place on analysing the peculiar features of this variety of ESP (English for Specific Purposes). A linguistic approach (both morphological and semantical) has been adopted, although other disciplines have also been taken into account, in particular sociolinguistics. This is so because Legal English is the jargon (despectively dismissed as «legalese») of an elite whose job is the meting out of justice. The third part deals with translation but from a theoretical point of view. By making use of (mostly) pragmatic concepts. A framework has been established to account for as many meanings in the texts as possible. The fourth section contains texts and documents, as well as introductions in most cases, illustrative of the different areas of the Law (Housing Law, Criminal Law, etc). Special care has been taken to select a wide variety of texts and documents to allow readers to enjoy an overview of Legal English at work. This section is heavily annotated. These notes provide explanations and translations into Spanish of the most difficult words, expressions and concepts.

Resumen: The unknown, precisely because it is unknown, causes suspicion and fear. What does the lawyer feel when he faces an unknown legal institution? How does the translator react in such a case? In this article we study both the reaction of the Spanish legal community and also that of translators in Spain when facing an unknown legal institution like the trust. That enables us to realise that there is a close relationship between the attitude of the legal translator when faced with a new institution like the trust and the view taken by international private law rules as well as that of the legal community in charge of applying foreign law. Furthermore, we compare the attitude of the Spanish translators and the legal community in Spain, rather conservative, with that of other countries, like Canada, which have shown to be more open minded. Finally, we put forward translation strategies based on the calque and loan of the foreign word.

Resumen: The lay judge system was introduced in Japan in May 2009 in an attempt to promote citizen participation in legal decision making. In line with this new development, the Supreme Court of Japan created a promotional video, which is currently available at http://www.saibanin.courts.go.jp/news/video2.hyml. The video has scenes involving several Japanese expressions that have proved to be hard to translate into English.

Resumen: This paper aims to address, under China's policy of 'one country, two systems', the special style of the 'youthful' Chinese legal language in Hong Kong's legislation and the dilemmas faced by the general public and legal professionals in using it, to discuss key issues, and to suggest ways of solving its existing problems. It also offers new perspectives and solutions to some of the issues of this 'new' technical language that was originally a translation product. Since Chinese, along with English, became one of the two official legal languages of Hong Kong in 1997, legal Chinese has essentially consisted of 'translationese' derived from the translations on English common law and the bilingual legal drafting process in Hong Kong, with many novel coinages and a heavily Europeanized grammatical style.

Resumen: Vocabulary is often considered one of the most difficult aspects of translating legal texts, and finding reliable textual supports is often a challenge too. This study presents the results of an experiment to use, as often as possible, multilingual EU resources with versions in Spanish and English as textual supports for a large sample of vocabulary that warranted research when the author was involved in translating into English a voluminous text of judgment summaries produced by the Supreme Court of Spain. In the majority of cases it was indeed possible to find high quality translations in EUR-Lex (Access to European Law) and IATE (InterActive Terminology for Europe), signaling, on the one hand, significant legal language overlap possibilities between the EU and Spain and, on the other, great potential for employing the former's linguistic resources in the translation of the latter's legal texts. Moreover, this study analyzes the results with an eye to linking the different types of vocabulary items that were searched to the different types of textual supports they were found in, to see how different kinds of supports (a collection of texts and their translations, such as EUR-Lex, or a multilingual terminological resource, such as IATE) might pair well with different kinds of vocabulary items. In this way the study also addresses some of the different opinions surrounding using online collections of texts and their translations (i.e. multilingual corpora) vs. multilingual terminological resources.

Resumen: Este trabajo tiene como objetivo valorar la ambigüedad léxica intrínseca al discurso jurídico inglés al traducirse al español, y la relevancia que esta ambigüedad pueda tener en el proceso y producto de la traducción. El siguiente artículo se circunscribe al léxico contractual, no muy distinto al legislativo en ambos idiomas.