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Resumen: A book such as Alice in Wonderland, written for a girl, but nowadays understandable only by adults, the translation of proper nouns can reveal the audience for which translators have addressed their works. This article looks at the translation of proper nouns. These cultural traits are first names, historical references, place names and names of languages: should these be changed to facilitate comprehension by children? This study is then used to evaluate some aspects of theories proposed by Shavit and Oittinen concerning adaptation and translation.

Resumen: Culture-bound elements, such as proper names and food items, not only place the story of a book in a specific culture and period of time, but also imply certain values and create an ambience. These elements also have an effect on how the reader identifies with the story and characters. Thus, it is important to find the most appropriate strategy to translate such elements. This paper considers the Finnish translation (1949) of Kenneth Grahame's The Wind in the Willows (1908), a multi-layered and allusive children's book set in Edwardian England, and some other children's tales translated into Finnish around the same era. The translation of The Wind in the Willows dates back to a period of time when British culture was not yet well known in Finland. The paper argues that certain inconsistencies in the translation of culture-bound elements in the book make it difficult for target text readers to understand its layers of meaning and to identify with the characters. Similar inconsistencies in the translation of culture-bound elements are found in other Finnish translations of children's books from the same period. The findings may be explained by a limited knowledge of foreign cultures in post-war Finland.

Resumen: "(...) efectuaremos un breve análisis de distintas escenas correspondientes a largometrajes extranjeros subtitulados o doblados al español, en el que describiremos el efecto de estos procedimientos de traducción [domesticación y extranjerización] sobre los nombres propios, los alimentos, el humor, los juegos de palabras, así como sobre elementos de carácter ideológico, como los estereotipos sexuales y las identidades nacionales".

Resumen: Cultural transaltion in this research refers to translation of site names in the Historic Centre of Macau which was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in the year 2005. The Historic Centre of Macau, which is the product of over 400 years of cultural exchange between the western and the Chinese civilizations, encompasses rich architectural legacies. This paper attempts to examine how the names of those cultural legacies are translated.

Resumen: Drawing on a corpus of eight translations of Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland into five languages (German, French, Spanish, Brazilian Portuguese, Italian), the paper discusses the forms and functions of proper names in children's books and some aspects of their translation. In Alice in Wonderland, we find three basic types of proper names: names explicitly referring to the real world of author and original addressees (e.g., Alice, her cat Dinah, historical figures like William the Conqueror), names implicitly referring to the real world of author and original addressees (e.g., Elsie, Lacie and Tillie, referring to the three Liddell sisters Lorina Charlotte, Alice and Edith Mathilda), and names referring to fictitious characters. An important function of proper names in fiction is to indicate in which culture the plot is set. It will be shown that the eight translators use various strategies to deal with proper names and that these strategies entail different communicative effects for the respective audiences.

Resumen: "En este trabajo, nuestro objetivo es analizar las principales estrategias de traducción en el doblaje del largometraje Blood and Sand (Rouben Mamoulian, 1941)".