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Resumen: A brand name is an essential part of an advertising campaign, identifying and being closely associated with a product or a manufacturer. One of the major functions of a brand name is to catch the attention of the audience and enhance their memorization. This research takes English-Chinese translation of brand names as an example and studies a prominent feature or strategy of brand name translation, namely rewriting to establish images in relation to the original pronunciation and/or logo. The translation of brand names is not bound by the original semantic meaning and is highly flexible, but it often retains the original sound or pronunciation. In the case of English-Chinese translation, brand names are often rewritten in that a new meaning is presented in the translation and images are established that are associated with the product or manufacturer. This study views image in its broadest sense, establishes a framework of images covering both concrete and abstract versions and discusses the functions of images in increasing the memorability of a brand name and engaging the audience's emotions. A corpus of 316 English brand names with Chinese translations is considered and two examples are selected for discussion, one looking at the establishment of a concrete image and the other an abstract image. Such rewriting is analysed in relation to the functions of brand names in the hope of providing translators with a point of reference.

Resumen: Codes of ethics in translating and interpreting have become increasingly examined in recent literature, as practitioners in ever-widening fields of practice see such codes as essential in underpinning their professionalism. While such codes in various professions set standards for their association's membership, codes in some sectors of translating and interpreting often have a wider function, detailing ground rules and techniques for practice and serving as educational documents, for users of services as much as for practitioners. The code of ethics developed by the Australian Institute of Interpreters and Translators [AUSIT] has been often cited in international literature as a broad, comprehensive generic code for professional practice. When this code was recently rewritten by its association, the wider functions of the code, as well as core considerations of practitioners' role, conduct and autonomy were extensively debated. This article examines the issues that arose in rewriting the AUSIT code, drawing on international comparisons of how other codes have defined their central tenets.

Resumen: Voice-over as an audiovisual translation modality has traditionally been described for its rendering of the truth or its faithfulness. The manipulation and deviation from the original text through translation has already been the object of study in documentaries. This paper looks at the translation of TV news through voice-over. Technical and content infidelities are rendering the broadcast actualities into sexed up copies of the original, which for all intents and purposes are in sheer contravention of what translation is for as a faithful reproduction of the original and of objective and factual news reporting. The effects of the translator's visibility in news voice-over is re-examined and the physical presence of the translator/voice talent is analyzed. This paper argues that the visibility of the translator in this instance pushes the boundaries of mediation beyond mere technicalities towards a sociopolitical sphere of reasoning and rationality by editorial policy makers. The paper also argues that synchronicity of voice-overs stemming from the rhetorical features of the voice-over styles of delivery and the idiosyncrasies of the voices creates dissonance and renders the original message with a degree of infelicities that undermine the long-celebrated standards of objectivity and neutrality. Consequently, this paper underscores the invisibility of the translator in this mode of translation mediation.

Resumen: The principle that during police interviews people who do not speak English should have access to interpreters has long been established in legal practice in the UK. However, very little is known about the extent to which or how this principle is actually applied. The aim of this study was to provide a close look at current legal interpreting practices in different types of legal encounter in the UK. What was actually going on in these events; what were the specific problems associated with interpreting in legal settings; and what were the problems associated with interpreting between Cantonese and English? What can the close study of interpreters' as they interpret tell us about the process of 'interpretation' in legal settings? An ethnographic approach was adopted to collect and analyze the data. The author observed and audio-recorded four interpreting events which involved Chinese interpreters.

Resumen: The incorporation of English novels into the Spanish literary system during the 18th century is characterized, in general terms, by their late appearance, especially if a comparison is drawn with other European countries, and by French mediation. One of the most illustrative examples is the assimilation process followed by Robinson Crusoe. This work, written by Daniel Defoe in 1719, appears for the first time in Spain in 1826 - more than 100 years after it was originally written - in an abridged version for children. This paper aims to explore some of the many factors that may play a part in the late appearance of this novel and its reception as a juvenile or children's book. Apart from the sociopolitical circumstances that turned Spain into a country which was very suspicious of foreign influence, an important factor to take into account is the influence of the French mediation. The introductory role played by mediator systems involves a filtered way of access through which the mediating culture reveals its own points of view and aesthetic criteria. Most of the 19th-century Spanish translations of Robinson Crusoe are secondhand translations from French and inherit the didactic and moralizing interpretation that the French makes of Robinson Crusoe. But the reading of Defoe's work as juvenile or children's literature is not only the result of the mediator system; it is also a consequence of the literary tradition to which the text is attached. When this work was imported there was an established tradition of Robinsonades that influenced its reading and interpretation and had created a particular set of expectations in the reader. This study also tries to analyze the different strategies used by Spanish translators in order to adapt Defoe's novel to the poetic and ideological expectations of its potential readers and to the new function assigned to the text in the new cultural context.

Resumen: The aim of the pilot study is to draw attention to the importance of online translation tools as a contemporary didactic tool in the language and translation educational process. In the paper the following hypotheses were tested: (i) use of free online translation tools can contribute to the development of ICT competences; (ii) use of modern translation tools contribute to the consistency and quality; (iii) free online translation tools for under-resourced languages can be used as pedagogical tools.

Resumen: Le but du prèsent travail est donc d'analyser quelques formules impersonnelles, plus ou moins figées, pour, tout d'abord, déterminer leur sens et, par la suite, proposer des équivalences en espagnol. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes servi de deux instruments méthodologiques : l'analyse du discours, appliquée à un corpus d'arrêts de la Cour de Cassation française, et l'analyse contrastive de textes parallèles en espagnol, en particulier des arrêts du Tribunal Supremo portant sur le même sujet et prononcés à la même époque.

Resumen: The interpreter-mediated communication is always an instance of intercultural communication. The interpreter therefore should shift to be the cultural mediator rather than the interpreter in the interaction. This article attempts to extend the theoretical focus in interpreting studies to cultural orientations, contexting, thus laying down a theoretical framework to address the 'role shift' of the interpreter, for instance, why an interpreter should act as a cultural mediator, where he should step in, what and how he can fulfill his role as a cultural mediator.

Resumen: This article contributes to the discussion of retranslation in Translation Studies through a case study on the retranslation of romance novels in Taiwan. Although retranslation has received some attention from translation researchers, most of the existing studies are based on examples of classic literature. In contrast, popular fiction like the romance novel remains relatively under-researched. In this article, paratextual analysis is applied to the publishing environment and marketing strategies for romance novels in order to explain why works of this genre - which are usually regarded as cheap and "throwaway" - are retranslated and how consumers are motivated to purchase such products. The findings suggest that the retranslation of best-selling romantic novels is a low-cost and low-risk investment for the publishers concerned. Such retranslations are promoted through three channels: via the branding of the retranslation as a "classi"'; by persuading readers to believe that the retranslated version is more faithful to the original, and thus superior; and by introducing a different mode of consumption - a shift away from renting and towards the purchase of novels. It is argued that, for commercially-driven retranslations, market factors rather than the inherent features of the texts concerned provide a clearer explanation for the phenomenon of retranslatio

Resumen: If one is to draw up, in order of usage frequency, a list of words whose authority has most often been invoked in translation studies during the past decades, idomestication/i and iforeignizing/i will most likely appear at the top. When they were first coined or given their new isignifia/i, these words may well have been applicable to the approaches or strategies used by certain translators in certain periods, certain cultures, or certain parts of the world. One should not, however, be misled into thinking that they are applicable to all translators or all translations, for, apart from the "domesticating" and "foreignizing" approaches or strategies, there is a wide range of other possibilities into which the vast majority of translations can fall, and to which the concepts of "domestication" and "foreignizing" do not apply.pThis paper looks at iMonkey/i, Arthur Waley's English translation of the classical Chinese novel Xi you ji (Journey to the West), and shows how the above-mentioned concepts are not universally relevant, and how the translator, as an empathic and creative mediator, moves freely between the source language / culture and the target language / culture to seek the golden mean with respect to the effectiveness of the translation in artistic and communicative terms, neither "domesticating" nor "foreignizing."

Resumen: For political and military considerations, English has become an international language used in all aspects of life: the language of advanced science, the internet, and business communication. Both English and Arabic are two of the official languages used in the United Nations for meetings, discussions, negotiation and documentation. The above mentioned fields might be free of culture and religion because the language of science, for instance, is direct and the action is the most important element of meaning which is more important than the doer. Obviously, the same thing is applicable on the language of business or stock markets in London, New York and Dubai. But when it comes to the language of politics and mass media which processes politics, the linguistic situation becomes different due to the excessive use of cultural and religious metaphors and religious terminologies deep-rooted in most classical and modern languages like Arabic which is the language of the holy Koran followed by one billion and half people. This number is expected to rise sharply due to the high birth rate in the Muslim World as this is recommended by Islamic teachings. This means that Arabic will increasingly spoken by a large number of people worldwide. The misinterpretation of certain Arabic, political and religious terminologies results in communicative problems for politicians and journalists who could be native speakers of Arabic or English. For the purpose of investigating this communicative problem, we collected data from 10 journalists who were Arab, British and American. They were chosen randomly and asked about the terrorism connotations of frequently used Arabic terms in mass media like: islamist, martyr, strugglers, Jihad: holy war, sacrifice, Martyr operation, guerillas, etc. Those religious, political and conceptually loaded words were described, classified and codified as the most terrorism words and the most problematic words for western journalists and/or politicians. The study has revealed that they are so because they seem to represent a linguistic interface and a big aggressive concept as seen by western journalists. On top of that, they are loaded with culturally bound connotations, images and signals. On the contrary, the Arab journalists did not see these words in the way of their western colleagues did.

Resumen: Aiming at the present situation of diversified ways of using loanwords in Chinese, this paper reviews the history of word translation, covering the practices and principles from the Tang Dynasty up to now, especially that in the three climaxes of translation; it analyzes the causes of the diversity of translation techniques from political, societal, cognitive, linguistic, cultural and economic perspectives; and it suggests that semantic transliteration is a good tradition in translating foreign words.

Resumen: Phraseological Units rank high among the most complex linguistic segments for translators, whether because of their figurative nature, their culturally specific meaning or their pragmatic peculiarities. Such difficulties increase exponentially when PUs are expressed in a multimodal fictional environment, especially if the situated meaning of the unit relies on visual elements for its correct interpretation: the so-called visual phraseological units (PUs). In these cases, the literal wording of a PU is portrayed physically, thus making both the phraseological and literal meanings overlap. These visual PUs have progressively become a common device in TV programs such as sitcoms and cartoon series - this paper, in particular, uses the case-study of the well-known American cartoon series The Simpsons. However, their ubiquity has not triggered a comparable scholarly response, either from the field of phraseology or from that of translation studies, with some notable exceptions. The combination of a limited theoretical framework and the inherent traductological obstacles these units pose accounts for the poor or, at times, non-existent solutions when it comes to rendering them in other languages. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the felicity of the Spanish translations of visual PUs appearing in The Simpsons. Some tentative traductological solutions will also be provided alongside the inevitable shortcomings of the target language versions, in an attempt to provide practical ground with which to foster further research on the question.

Resumen: The Postcolonial text is a political and ideological text that is differentiable in translation. This is because of its location in the dialogic and discursive communicative exchange between former coloniser and former colonised cultures and societies. This communicative exchange takes place in the situation and condition of asymmetrical relations and relations of inequality and involves the contestation of histories, cultures, meanings, identities and representations. The functionality of the postcolonial text with its message is fixated on this dialogue and discourse; and each postcolonial text is a single statement directly and specifically responding to this dialogue and discourse in some way. This paper examines the African postcolonial text and its communicative location in the light of postcolonial theory and the possibility offered by the skopos functional theory in translation to set aside the purpose and function of the source text intended by the author. Using Chinua Achebe's texts, It would conclude that the mediatory role of the translator in the dialogic and discursive exchange between former coloniser and former colonised cultures and societies need not become interference in the application of the skopos theory.

Resumen: There is no doubt that music plays an important role in people's lives and, consequently, in different societies and cultures. Through music, the distinctive features of societies and cultures can be appreciated, while, at the same time, its condition of universal language acts as a means of communication among them. Translation Studies has recently started to pay attention to the relationship between translation and music. The study of the translation of songs, opera and other musical products is a subject that can enrich the field. In addition to this, owing to the peculiar nature of the musical text, the translation of music can be linked to other disciplines within Translation Studies, as is the case with AVT. In this work, we will analyse the similarities and differences between AVT and song translation. We will show that some of the translation strategies used in AVT can be applied to other types of multimodal translation, like song translation. We will also consider some cases in which song translation becomes part of AVT, as happens in the translation of TV series or films in which there are songs.

Resumen: The paper examines sound schemes in Arabic original poetic prose and English translation. These are reverse rhyme, rhyme, pararhyme and consonance. Looked at from the vantage point of sound symbolism, an attempt is made to verify their expressive and thematic functions in ST. In some cases, the concept has apparently been proven applicable and the claims made in this regard are plausible. As to the interlingual patterns of sound symbolism, the study has come to the conclusion that ST and TT diverge when it comes to how onomatopoeic elements evoke meaning. The strategic decisions taken by translators in addressing translation problems depend largely on how sensitive they are towards the ST phonic aspect and affiliations. They employ compensation in kind and in place whenever and wherever that is felt to be required, hence, replacing ST phonological recurrence with morphological and lexical ones. These higher-level devices are but one means of achieving parallel effects in the TT. However, consonance is regularly used as a prime solution for the problem of equivalence. It is axiomatic that in any attempt of translation a certain degree of loss is expected in terms of failure to relay the ST message content intact. Another kind of damage consists in the impossibility of rendering ST scripts into TT. The significance of Arabic letters to the readers of Arabic will definitely be mismatched in the TT as they imply culturally broader connotations and allusions to the Islamic heritage. The graphological input to the message in the Arabic text will hardly be imparted by the TT Roman script.

Resumen: Tranlation activity- and associations, and fees, and fees, and courses, and events - has tradicionally been classified through a horizontal (extensive) criteria in general and specialised translation, and the latter has been likewise subdivided into new modalities of translation, according to different criteria. These criteria have been horizontal (extensive) (subject matter ofthe texts: scientrnc, technical, legal, economic... translation). A third approach to classifying translation is through the concept of text genre. A thorough examination of these categories in the light of what we know about translation today shows that all of them have been borrowed from other fields (knowledge science, LSP, text studies...) and applied to linguistic mediation regardless of the communicative and non -descriptive nature of our field. This mechanical borrowing produces strong discrepancies between what we learn about translation in theory and what we learn about translation in practice. General translation is a concept without correspondence in professional reality; the perception of the grade of specialization of a message has a powerful subjective component; also being strongly subjective the perception of the belonging of a text to a particular gender. As to assigning an only and clear-cut category to the translation of a text according to its subject matter, it is an excessive simplification. Clear-cut frontiers between subject matters of the text or between general and specialized communication simply do not exist. An effort should be made in order to prevent theoretical work from detaching from reality through excessive oversimplification. Classification of translation should be made according to the different problems, solutions and ways of translating attached to them.

Resumen: Over the past ten years Community Interpreting research has become a flourishing field of study with a great number of contributions being published every year. Books, articles, papers and presentations may vary in their topics-some of them being very general and some of them much more specific-and this diversity has been the source of our motivation to draw what could be regarded as a map of the main research topics in Community Interpreting. Thus, based on a literature review and inspired by Williams & Chesterman's (2002) map for Translation Studies, this paper proposes a specific map for Community Interpreting research, while also attempting to summarize the main contributions. It does not intend to provide an exhaustive revision, but an overview that reflects the state of the art in Community Interpreting as a basis for future research. It finally states that research topics are not isolated, but tightly interconnected as different steps in the path towards professionalization, as can be seen in the conceptual map suggested at the end of this paper.

Resumen: This article examines how racist discourse about African-Americans has been translated from English into Slovenian throughout history. Strategies for translating explicitly racist discourse, racial terminology and African American Vernacular English in translations published between 1853 and 2007 are analyzed. The results of the textual comparison are considered in the light of contemporary Slovenian attitudes towards black people and the socio-political situation in the target culture. The results show that the strategies for translating racist discourse in pre-World War II translations differed significantly from those used after a socialist regime was established in Slovenia. Translation strategies were also influenced by the important role that the Slovenian language played in the development of the national identity, by the target readership of the translations, as well as by contemporary relations between the source and target culture. Ideological interventions sometimes considerably affected the interpretive possibilities of a particular literary work.

Resumen: The strategies of translating Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain, a martial arts novel by Jin Yong, into English are determined mainly by the skopos of bringing Jin Yong's work to life for a Western audience, shaped also by the translator's ideology and the poetics dominant in the receiving culture. It follows that the functions associated with translating this literary text, a major genre in contemporary Chinese literature, would include introducing martial arts fiction as a literary genre; introducing Jin Yong as a master storyteller; and presenting genre-specific devices employed in penning a classic work. An overriding strategy adopted by the translator proved to be extensive rewriting into the target language as the translated work only materialized after serious efforts at recreative translating. The fluent translation strategy, when aptly used, is the one that effects transparency, thereby evoking authorial presence in a literary translation.

Resumen: The present study investigates Jordanian students' ability to translate English binomials into Arabic and explores the strategies used when translating them into Arabic. It also investigates the usefulness of English-Arabic dictionaries. For this purpose, a 25-item translation test was developed and distributed to two groups; an advanced group including 30 MA students, and an intermediate group comprising 50 undergraduate students studying English at Jordanian universities. The study revealed that the subjects' general performance on the translation test was unsatisfactory. The percentage of correct answers on all items for all subjects was approximately The study revealed that the subjects' general performance on the translation test was unsatisfactory. The percentage of correct answers on all items for all subjects was approximately 44...This means that more than half of the test items in the translation test were erroneously rendered. The subjects used different strategies to translate English binomials into Arabic. The most frequently used strategy was contextualized guessing, followed by avoidance, literal translation, incomplete translation and least used, semantic approximation...

Resumen: More and more overseas tourists are coming to China for a visit after the 2008 Beijing Olympics, and websites with relevant information will undoubtedly become their first channel to know about the desired places in China. However, they are always confused about the English translation of the scenic spots. Based on the Skopostheorie and from the perspective of purpose of translation, this paper attempts to make a detailed analysis of translation errors in the English versions on the websites of some tourist attractions in China, in comparison to their parallel texts on the websites of similar scenic spots in other parts of the world. With the help of 'non-equivalence at culture level' proposed by Christiane Nord, causes for errors have been found. In the light of the Skopostheorie, translation brief of websites for tourism has been defined, and errors have been classified into three categories: 'pragmatic translation errors', 'cultural translation errors', and 'linguistic translation errors'. A number of error samples of each type have been listed and suggested versions have been given. Parallel texts have been provided as a comparison and good examples to learn from. Through this study, we may conclude that non-equivalence at culture level and word level pose great difficulty in translation, and errors will be committed if the translator is unaware of the skopos or purpose of the translation. However, these errors can be avoided if more effective and flexible strategies are adopted by the translator, such as 'translation by cultural substitution', 'omission', and 'translation by a more general word'. This study may serve as a reference for further study on a larger and wider range of errors, and as a reference for future tourism-websites translators.

Resumen: This paper investigates subtitle translation from a multi-modal approach. Approaching subtitle translation from a multi-modal perspective is an attempt to consider subtitle translation as intersemiotic translation. It suggests that subtitle translation involves more than the spoken mode, but also involves other semiotic modes, such as the mode of sound effects, the mode of moving images, the mode of music and the written mode. In doing this, this paper takes an approach in which the multiplicity of modes in film is represented in the subtitle translation. From a theoretical point of view, it assumes that all modes are given equally serious attention. From this perspective, this paper focuses on two interrelated areas: (1) how the concept of mode works in the translating process; that is, how the translator makes use of the specialized

Resumen: This paper aims to analyze the commonly debated issue of translator's style in translation studies from the perspective of the relevance theory and show that the issue of the translator' s style can be satisfactorily explained under the relevance-theoretic framework. According to relevance theory, human cognition is relevance-oriented, and that as a result, someone who knows an individual's cognitive environment can infer which assumptions he is actually likely to entertain. Hence, the style is the product of the balance between the original writer's communicative intentions on the one hand and the target reader's cognitive environment on the other, the translator's preferences and abilities being the fulcrum. The translator's style best embodies his purpose and understanding of translation, his understanding of the reader's cognitive environment, his preference and abilities. And the style is a comprehensive embodiment of the translator's subjectivity. Such aspects of translation as unidiomatic translation and multi-translation also can find convincing explanations from a re1evance-theoretic perspective: unidiomatic expressions serve to draw the reader's additional mental efforts to a better understanding of the original work since human knowledge is open-ended, and multi-translation is both reasonable and necessary because the readers tend to read the versions compatible to their preferences and capabilities. As for poetry translation, the translator's primary task is to create a certain impression. The translator's style on the final analysis is supposed to assume the optimal re1evance balancing between the translator's understanding of the target reader's cognitive environment and the translator's own preference and ability. In condusion,'style is the relationship'.

Resumen: Considering the example of the translation of Njegos's The Mountain Wreath into the German language, the paper analyses the translational solutions that are dictated by the principles of the subject. The translator Alois Schmaus chose to take this step in order to bring home to the modern reader a world which appears to be archaic. He made this decision for two reasons. First, the German reader is unfamiliar with the historical context that is the subject of this poem; secondly the rules of prosody in Serbian and German do not match. By choosing to carry over the Serbian epic decasyllable, Schmaus favours the Serbian poetic tradition. From the historical point of view German verse, constructed as an Alexandrine, is burdened with the context of courtly poetics. The hexameter, meanwhile, which was introduced into German literature by Klopstock and later popularised by Voss and Goethe, appears in the context of the rise of the bourgeoisie. Both verses require changes while being translated, which affect the poem's characteristics. In order to maintain authenticity, Schmaus pleads for the "Serbian trochee": iamb and dactyl, metrical feet that are closer to the German language, would have impeded the setting the diaeresis and affected the syntax. Because of this, Schmaus places a spondee at the end of every verse and sets the historical context in the tradition of martyrdom.

Resumen: This article presents a new tool which has been developed in order to make reading speed calculations, and whose results are expressed by means of the two parameters most used in the field: CPS (characters per second) and WPM (words per minute). Topics such as the suitability of each one of the parameters versus the other, the potential correlation which may exist among them, as well as their behavior across different languages are open to discussion in the very limited available bibliography on the subject. It seems that part of this confusion has spread over to commercial subtitling programs, most of which present values for either one or both parameters to the final user. It has been confirmed that different subtitling software programs calculate different reading speed values (both in CPS and WPM) for the same set of subtitles. Due to this, a very simple software application which calculates values for CPS and WPM is presented. It has been willingly designed to make no assumptions, but simply to count characters and to make very straightforward time algebra with the subtitle in and out times. The new tool allows for empirical and quantitative research of large series of subtitles at a time, and it may also play an important role in the classroom environment.

Resumen: The transfer of offensive and taboo language in subtitling may position translators' choices in a challenging and controversial situation, given the effect that such terms can cause on the audience (Díaz Cintas 2001a). Nowadays, it seems that dealing with this type of language starts to gain more attention in academic circles, as it belongs to colloquial language within a low register, and as such we do speak in diverse manners depending on the context we are in. This paper delves into the way offensive and taboo language has been subtitled into European Spanish. In order to conduct this study, the subtitling of the DVD version of Quentin Tarantino's multilingual film Inglourious Basterds (2009) has been described and analyzed, resorting to a multi-strategy design (Robson 2011) which combines quantitative with qualitative data, under the umbrella of the descriptive translation studies paradigm. Accordingly, the main purpose of this analysis is to determine any regularities in the way in which offensive and taboo language has been dealt with in this particular case study, considering the technological restrictions of subtitling as well as the translational strategies employed. Thus, this study aims to shed some light on the way this type of language has been transferred on the screen.

Resumen: The increasing popularity of audiovisual translation in recent years has contributed to a better understanding of the audiovisual world. Nevertheless, some modalities such as voice-over have not received thorough attention. In Poland, where voice-over is the prevailing audiovisual, one voice talent reads out the entire dialogue list in a monotonous way. The translated version is subject to time and space restrictions, and both the original and the translated soundtracks are audible at the same time, making it interesting to analyze a key aspect of voice-over: the process of synchronization. Departing from a categorization which originated within the field of dubbing, and which was later extended and applied to the voice-over of non-fictional products by Franco, Matamala and Orero, this article aims to assess whether voice-over isochrony, literal synchrony, kinetic synchrony and action synchrony are maintained in the voice-over of fiction genres in Poland, and if so, what strategies are used to achieve this. The corpus is made up of four 15-minutes samples from movies belonging to four different genres: a comedy (Whatever Works, directed by Woody Allen 2009), a drama (Marvin's Room, directed by Jerry Zaks 1996), an action movie (Spy Game, directed by Tony Scott 2001), and a musical (Nine, directed by Rob Marshall 2009). The study highlights the specificities of synchrony in fictional movies and opens the door for future research into this previously underestimated audiovisual transfer mode.