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Resumen: Translating picture books is a many-splendored thing: it includes not only the relationship between the verbal and the visual (images and other elements) but also issues like reading aloud and child images. In the following, while mainly concentrating on the visual, I will deal with the other questions as well, as they all interact and influence each other. My starting point is translating as rewriting for target-language audiences - we always need to ask the crucial question: "For whom?" Hence, while writing children's books is writing for children, translating children's literature is translating for children. (See Hunt 1990:1, 60-64 and Oittinen 2000.) The reasons why I take such a special interest in translating picture books are twofold: cultural and national as well as individual. In Finland, we translate a lot: 70-80

Resumen: Culture-bound elements, such as proper names and food items, not only place the story of a book in a specific culture and period of time, but also imply certain values and create an ambience. These elements also have an effect on how the reader identifies with the story and characters. Thus, it is important to find the most appropriate strategy to translate such elements. This paper considers the Finnish translation (1949) of Kenneth Grahame's The Wind in the Willows (1908), a multi-layered and allusive children's book set in Edwardian England, and some other children's tales translated into Finnish around the same era. The translation of The Wind in the Willows dates back to a period of time when British culture was not yet well known in Finland. The paper argues that certain inconsistencies in the translation of culture-bound elements in the book make it difficult for target text readers to understand its layers of meaning and to identify with the characters. Similar inconsistencies in the translation of culture-bound elements are found in other Finnish translations of children's books from the same period. The findings may be explained by a limited knowledge of foreign cultures in post-war Finland.

Resumen: The expression of modal meanings is an area of great complexity in the relationship between form and function in a single language and cross-linguistically. Modal adverbs in particular are considered to be problematic from a contrastive perspective due to their multifunctionality in English (Aijmer 2005). This paper is a corpus-based study of the expression of epistemic possibility by means of three common modal adverbs in English (certainly, probably, possibly) and the translational options chosen in Spanish for expressing those meanings. The aim is to identify trends in the translations of these epistemic adverbs that contribute to a better understanding of the various semantic functions that native speakers attribute to these units. The analysis shows that the omission of modal adverbs in the translations may be considered as an indicator of the degree of grammaticalization attained by these adverbs in English. The results provide useful information not only in the field of translator training and practice, but also in descriptive linguistics.

Resumen: Dans le secteur médical plus que dans beaucoup d'autres secteurs scientifiques et techniques, les donneurs d'ouvrage exigent souvent que les traductions soient faites par des spécialistes, en l'occurrence des médecins, voire des médecins spécialistes qui si limiteraient à leurs propres spécialités ; les non-spécialistes, et a fortiori les non médecins sont jugés incapables de réaliser des traductions correctes.

Resumen: Réponses fournies par les traducteurs médicaux au questionnaire portant sur l'exercise de leur profession, leurs conditions de travail, leur formation, etc.

Resumen: L'auteur rend hommage à l'ampleur et à la diversité de tout ce qu'a accompli André Clas, en soulignant l'importance qu'y revêt la traduction, et notamment son travail éditorial à la direction de la revue Meta. Puis il thématise quatre approches méthodologiques fondamentales en traductologie : prescriptive ou normative, descriptive, inductive ou scientifique et productive (orientée vers la pratique). Il critique les contrastivistes, qui ne s'intéressent à la traduction que dans la perspective d'une comparaison entre les langues, leur opposant les véritables traductologues, qui prennent pour objet la réalité de la pratique traduisante. Enfin il reprend, sur de nouveaux frais, l'immémoriale question du littéralisme en traduction, aux termes de laquelle s'opposent sourciers et ciblistes.

Resumen: Drawing on a corpus of eight translations of Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland into five languages (German, French, Spanish, Brazilian Portuguese, Italian), the paper discusses the forms and functions of proper names in children's books and some aspects of their translation. In Alice in Wonderland, we find three basic types of proper names: names explicitly referring to the real world of author and original addressees (e.g., Alice, her cat Dinah, historical figures like William the Conqueror), names implicitly referring to the real world of author and original addressees (e.g., Elsie, Lacie and Tillie, referring to the three Liddell sisters Lorina Charlotte, Alice and Edith Mathilda), and names referring to fictitious characters. An important function of proper names in fiction is to indicate in which culture the plot is set. It will be shown that the eight translators use various strategies to deal with proper names and that these strategies entail different communicative effects for the respective audiences.

Resumen: The present article examines the Spanish dubbing language from the point of view of its naturalness. The premise is that dubbing language is best analyzed by comparing it to the register it imitates, as long as its peculiar features are taken into consideration. This study is divided into two parts: firstly, a description of the features that make dubbing dialogue different from real dialogue, focusing on those arising from the source text; secondly, a comparative analysis of dubbed and real dialogue. In the latter, a corpus of spontaneous conversations will be used as a yardstick for natural dialogue and the main strategies used in colloquial conversation will provide the linguistic units to be analyzed: intensifiers and discourse markers. The main unidiomatic features detected are the use of anglicisms, especially at the pragmatic level, and a certain shift in tone that may cause a variation in the relation among the participants in the dubbed text. Finally, the notion of suspension of linguistic disbelief is put forward as a possible explanation for the perpetuation of unnatural features in dubbing language.

Resumen: Sommaire (17 articles) Éditorial Sylvie Vandaelep. 1–4Notice Présentation p. 5–6Notice « Et pour les Flamands, la même chose » : quelle politique de traduction pour quelles minorités linguistiques ? Reine Meylaertsp. 7–21Notice Proust as Translator of Ruskin Albert Waldingerp. 22–31Notice Analysing Irony for Translation Raymond Chakhachirop. 32–48Notice Naturalness in the Spanish Dubbing Language: a Case of Not-so-close Friends Pablo Romero Frescop. 49–72Notice Translating Epistemic Adverbs from English into Spanish: Evidence from a Parallel Corpus Noelia Ramónp. 73–96Notice “Filantropia” or “Non Profit”? Translating Texts on Nonprofits from English into Italian Sabrina Fusarip. 97–109Notice The Unit of Translation: Statistics Speak Harry J. Huang et Canzhong Wup. 110–130Notice Semantic Orientation, Syntactic Position and Pragmatic Function of Modifier in Chinese-English Translation Huawen Liup. 131–145Notice Terminologie et linguistique A Corpus-based Study of Spanish Translations of the Verb ‘report’ in Biomedical Research Articles Ian A. Williamsp. 146–160Notice Documentation Interculturalidad and Traducción, Revista Internacional / Interculturality and Translation, International Review, León, Departamento de Filología Moderna, Universidad de León, numéros 1 (2005) et 2 (2006) Laurence Jay-Rayon et Mariana Raffop. 161–163Notice Bosseaux, C. (2007) : How Does It Feel ? Point of View in Translation, Amsterdam/New York, Rodopi, coll. “Approaches to Translation Studies”, volume 29, 247 p. Serge Marcouxp. 164–170Notice Janzen, T. (ed.) (2005) : Topics in Signed Language Interpreting : Theory and Practice, Philadelphia, John Benjamins, 362 p. Danielle-Claude Bélangerp. 170–174Notice Delisle, J. et J. Woodsworth (dir.) (2007) : Les traducteurs dans l’histoire, Ottawa, Presses de l’Université d’Ottawa, 2e édition revue et corrigée, xxiii-393 p. André Clasp. 174–176Notice Martin, R. (2004) : Comprendre la linguistique, 2e édition, Paris, PUF, 206 p. Salah Mejrip. 176–180Notice Études et prospectives Constructing a Large-Scale English-Persian Parallel Corpus Tayebeh Mosavi Miangahp. 181–188Notice

Resumen: Sommaire (17 articles) -Stratégies de traduction : les introductions et les conclusions dans des textes de vulgarisation scientifique Joëlle Rey et Mercedes Tricásp. 1–1 -Interjections and Pragmatic Errors in Dubbing Maria Josep Cuencap. 20–35 -On Translatibility from English into Arabic: Words and Beyond Ali Gadachap. 36–50 -Arabic Imperfect Verbs in Translation: A Corpus Study of English Renderings Hassan A. H. Gadallap. 51–71 -Making Translation Testing More Teaching-oriented: A Case Study of Translation Testing in China Defeng Lip. 72–88 -Musicality and Intrafamily Translation: With Reference to European Languages and Chinese Laurence Wongp. 89–97 -Intertextualité et traduction Geneviève Roux-Faucardp. 98–118 -Le chaos de la traduction et la traduction du chaos Pier-Pascale Boulangerp. 119–130 -Academic Writing and Culture: An Overview of Differences between English, French and German Dirk Siepmannp. 131–150 Études terminologiques et linguistiques -Un bestiaire linguistique – ou les animaux dans les images du français et de l’anglais Henri Van Hoofp. 151–159 -Semantic Models for the Translation of Greek Institutional Terms in the Field of Education Eleni Kassapip. 160–165 Bibliographie -La rédaction p. 166–168 Carvalho Homem, R. and T. Hoenselaars (eds.) (2004): Translating Shakespeare for the Twenty-First Century, Amsterdam/New York, Editions Rodopi B.V., viii + 269 p. Kathleen Connorsp. 169–170 Megale, F. (2004) : Diritto d’autore del traduttore, Napoli, Editoriale Scientifica, 282 p. Roberto D’Oraziop. 170–172 Norberg, U. (2003) : Übersetzen mit doppeltem Skopos, Eine empirische Prozess- und Produktstudie, Uppsela Universitet, 222 p. Roger Goffinp. 172–173 -Kothari, R. (2003): Translating India, Manchester, St. Jerome Publishing, v + 138 p. Xu Jianzhongp. 173–174 -Sucessful strategies in drama translation: Yasmina Reza’s “Art” Marta Mateop. 175–183

Resumen: Sommaire (27 articles) -Éditorial André Clasp. 1–2 -Présentation Riitta Oittinen p. 3 -Harry Potter for Children, Teenagers and Adults Lia Wyler p. 5–14 -When Modern Little Red Riding Hoods Cross Borders… or Don’t… Sandra L. Beckett p. 15–30 -De la traduction à l’adaptation pour les jeunes : socioanalyse du Dernier des Mohicans de James Fenimore Cooper en français Jean-Marc Gouanvic p. 31–46 -De Little Women de Louisa May Alcott aux Quatre filles du docteur March : les traductions françaises d’un roman de formation au féminin Claire Le Brun p. 47–67 -De quelques aspects de la traduction en anglais des textes de Gabrielle Roy publiés pour l les enfants Claude Romney p. 68–80 -Translation for Reading Aloud Cay Dollerup p. 81–103 -Two Versions of the Same Narrative – Astrid Lindgren’s Mio, min Mio in Swedish and Danish Anette Øster Steffensen p. 104–114 -The Translation of Culture-Bound Elements into Finnish in the Post-War Period Irma Hagfors p. 115–127 -Where the Wild Things Are: Translating Picture Books Riitta Oittinen p. 128–141 -Translated and Adapted – The Influence of Time on Translation Paula Rossi p. 142–153 -Traduire In the Night Kitchen, ou de la difficile lecture d’un album Isabelle Nières-Chevrel p. 154–164 -“Jetzt bist du in Deutschland, Däumling.”: Nils Holgersson on Foreign Soil – Subject to New Norms Isabelle Desmidt p. 165–181 -Proper Names in Translations for Children: Alice in Wonderland as a Case in Point Christiane Nord p. 182–196 -Narratology meets Translation Studies, or, The Voice of the Translator in Children’s Literature Emer O’Sullivan p. 197–207 -Translating for Children – World View or Pedagogics? Radegundis Stolze p. 208–221 -What Dubbers of Children’s Television Programmes Can Learn from Translators of Children’s Books? Eithne O’Connell p. 222–232 -Time, Narrative Intimacy and the Child: Implications of the Transition from the Present to the Past Tense in the Translation into English of Children’s Texts Gillian Lathey p. 233–240 -Children’s Literature and Translation Under the East German Regime Gabriele Thomson-Wohlgemuth p. 241–249 -Domestication and Foreignization in Translating American Prose for Slovenian Children Darja Mazi-Leskovar p. 250–265 -Publishing Strategies of Translated Children’s Literature in Argentina: A Combined Approach Cecilia Alvstad p. 266–275 -Translation and Intercultural Education Isabel Pascua p. 276–284 -From Harry to Garri: Strategies for the Transfer of Culture and Ideology in Russian Translations of Two English Fantasy Stories Judith Inggs p. 285–297 -Translating Children’s Literature in the Arab World: The State of the Art Sabeur Mdallel p. 298–306 -When Children’s Literature Transcends its Genre: Translating Alice in Wonderland Douglas A. Kibbee p. 307–321 -Exploring Cultural Difference Through Translating Children’s Literature Eva-Maria Metcalf p. 322–327

Resumen: Meta : journal des traducteurs / Meta: Translators’ Journal est une revue savante internationale qui publie des articles de recherche en traduction, en terminologie et en interprétation. La revue publie deux numéros réguliers et un numéro spécial par volume, à raison de dix à douze articles par numéro. Trois langues sont acceptées, soit le français, l’anglais et l’espagnol. Dans certains numéros spéciaux consacrés à des langues-cultures particulières, d’autres langues, telles que l’allemand et le turc, ont également déjà été acceptées. Meta s’adresse plus particulièrement aux chercheurs, mais aussi à tous ceux qui s’intéressent aux phénomènes langagiers mis en jeu dans la communication interculturelle.

Resumen: Numéro spécial: Traduction et terminologie médicale = Medical translation and terminology Sommaire (11 articles) -Les dictionnaires médicaux vus par un médecin Jean-Charles Sourniap. 7–10 -Les problèmes posés par la traduction de l’arabe ancien en français moderne Gérard Troupeaup. 11–15 -Some Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of Medical Translation: Lexical equivalence, ubiquitous references and universality of subject minimize misunderstanding and maximize transfer of meaning Henry Fischbachp. 16–21 -Construction of a Biomedical Nomenclature Elmer R. Gabrielip. 22–25 -La traduction médicale doit-elle être réservée aux seuls traducteurs-médecins ? Quelques réflexions Daniel Gilep. 26–30 -Les traquenards de la traduction médicale... ou l’interaction texte-traducteur-dictionnaire Louise Martin-Valiquettep. 31–33 -L’épidémiologie et les mots pour la dire Amal Jammal, Geneviève Loslier et Annie Gaillandrep. 34–58 -Les éponymes médicaux : essai de classification Henri Van Hoofp. 59–84 -Interdisciplinarity Education as an Instrument of Training Terminologists in the Fields of Medical Genetics and Genetic Diseases Vladimir N. Nekrassoffp. 85–97 -La traduction médicale : réflexion de practiciens : enquête d’André Moreau André Moreaup. 98–105 -Bibliographie : sciences médicales Louis Bélangerp. 106–118

Resumen: Beaucoup de traducteurs, du moins au Canada et en Europe, ont accès à la professions après avoir reçu une formation à la Facultè de lettres. Maîtres inconstestés de la grammaire, des nuances d' une ou plusieurs langues donnés et des ressources bibliographiques, sauront-ils trouver dans les livres les réponses à leurs questions? ...

Resumen: Le présent article a pour objet la présence d'expressions et de mots étrangers dans la publicité de cinq pays d'Europe à partir d'un corpus constitué de magazines publiés en Allemagne, en France, en Espagne, en Italie et au Royaume-Uni. Il cherche à déterminer les raisons de ce phénomène : s'agit-il de mots et d'expressions intraduisibles ou a-t-on choisi de ne pas les traduire ? Il s'agit d'un processus de fétichisation et d'exhibition linguistique qui trouve sa place dans une stratégie de non-traduction partielle. Notre apport principal dans ce domaine de la recherche consiste à avoir forgé le mot alioculturème pour ces expressions dont la présence et la non-traduction sont délibérées, ce qui les différencie clairement de l'emprunt et des culturèmes.

Resumen: The German words in the title are taken from the first German translation of the Swedish children's book Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige (Nils Holgersson's wonderful journey throughout Sweden, Lagerlöf 1906-1907). In this translation Nils is said to land in Germany, which is never the case in the Swedish original. Presumably, the German translator Klaiber added this extra visit to oblige the German readers with a visit of Nils to their own country. Looking at some of the German versions of Nils Holgersson, this article addresses the influence of extratextual factors, i.e., different kind of norms, on the translating and rewriting process.

Resumen: This paper consists of an analysis of the expressive secondary interjections found in the film Four Weddings and a Funeral and their equivalents in the Spanish and Catalan dubbed versions. The contrastive analysis of the interjections in the original English version compared with the Spanish and the Catalan dubbed versions shows that the strategies followed by the translators are different: literal translation is far more frequent in Spanish than in Catalan. Literal translation often implies an error that is pragmatic in nature since it derives from the misunderstanding of the pragmatic meaning that the interjection conveys.